Why Do U Smoke?

The most heard reasons:

* "It's suppose to look cool and attractive".
* "Smoking helps lose weight", It never helps u lose weight and u do not gain weight if u give up smoking.
* "It helps to reduce stress, and calm my nerves!" The truth is it doesn't relieve stress, but adds on to the addiction.
* "It's too late to give up now", The sooner u quit the better it is.

Tobacco

Tobacco is a specie of a broad-leafed plant, usually found in North and South Americas and the Africa's or it refers to the dried leaves of such plants. Tobacco leaves are often used in the form of a cigar or a cigarette, or in a Smoking pipe, or a hookah. This could damage the lungs and also causes lung disorders such as asthma and wheezing. Tobacco is also chewed, placed between the cheek and gum, and sniffed into the nose as finely powdered substance.

Tobacco contains the Nicotine , a powerful Neurotoxin that is particularly harmful to insects and other bugs. Tobacco consumption by any means result in the absorption or mixing of nicotine in varying amounts into the bloodstream of the user, and over a period of time increases dependency and high levels of tolerance.

Nicotine is named after the tobacco plant Nicotitabacum.

Nicotine is a oily liquid that is dissolvable with water in its natural form. In its natural (base) form, nicotine forms chemical substances that are usually solid and soluble in water. Nicotine in its base form will burn at a temperature below its boiling point, Because of which, most of the nicotine is burnt when a cigarette is smoked; But, enough levels of the substance is inhaled to cause addiction.

Nicotine, as it enters the human body, it quickly gets distributed throughout the body with the bloodstream. This substance, on an average takes about six to eight seconds to reach the Human Brain. However, the amount of nicotine inhaled with tobacco smoke is of less amount contained in the tobacco leaves considering the fact that most of them is destroyed by the heat . The amount of nicotine absorbed depends on many factors, including the type of tobacco, and whether a filter is used. If the tobacco is consumed through Sniffing or dipping or which is held in the mouth between the lip and gum, the amount of substance released into the human blood is usually greater than smoking it!

Amazingly, the primary therapeutic use of nicotine is in treating nicotine dependence i.e. either smoking/chewing of tobacco. Controlled levels of nicotine are given to a patient through gums, or nasal sprays in an effort to bring them off their dependence.

AIDS and tobacco use, are the only two major causes of death that are on the rise,

Willing to Quit?

It is difficult to quit smoking due to the withdrawal symptoms which include insomnia, irritability, anxiety, decreased heart rate, weight gain, and nicotine cravings. The relapse rate for quitters is high: about 60% relapse in three months. Also, nicotine users are sometimes reluctant to quit smoking because they do not see any short-term damages it may cause.
showed that those who stopped smoking before they reached 30 years of age lived almost as long as those who never smoked. It is also possible to reduce the risks by reducing the frequency of smoking and by proper diet and exercise
If you smoke, quit. And if you don't smoke, don't start. And remember, avoid long-term exposure to smoke and protect children from it.

tips :

* Do not carry cigarettes.
* Quit smoking one day at a time. Do not concern yourself with next year, next month, next week or even tomorrow. Concentrate on not smoking from the time you wake up until you go to sleep
* Be proud that you are not smoking.
* Drink plenty of fruit juice the first three days. It will help flush nicotine out of your system.
* To help avoid weight gain, eat vegetables and fruit instead of candies and pasteries. Celery and carrots can be used safely as short-term substitutes for cigarettes.

Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that often paralyses the motor skills and speech.

Parkinson's disease is a disorder that affects nerve cells, or neurons, in a part of the brain that controls muscle movement. In Parkinson's disease, neurons that make a chemical substance called DOPAMINE die or do not work properly.

The strangest part is that the exact cause of Parkinson's disease is not known.

Parkinson's disease characterizes the movement disorders. It is characterized by muscle rigidity, slowing of physical movement and, in extreme cases, loss of physical movement. Neurons produces a chemical in the brain called DOPAMINE, which is responsible for transmitting signals associated with the muscular activity between one part of the brain which is called as SUBSTANTIA NIGRA and another part of the brain which is named the CORPUS STRIATUM. Parkinson's disease occurs when these neurons die or cease to function properly.

Symptoms of this disease include disorders of mood, behavior and sensation.

Other symptoms of Parkinson's disease may include :

- Trembling of hands, arms, legs, jaw and face
- Stiffness of the arms, legs and trunk
- Slowness of movement
- fatigue
- Difficulty rolling in bed or rising from a seated position;
- Overall loss of movements
- Dizziness and fainting
- Reduction or loss of sense of smell
- Muscle, joints pains

As symptoms get worse, people with the disease may have trouble walking, or talking. They may also have problems such as depression, sleep problems, swallowing or speaking.

Parkinson's disease affects both men and women. However, age is a clear risk factor. It is observable that most people who have Parkinson's disease are usually over the age of 50 to 55, but it is said that the Parkinson's disease can appear at any age.

A new study says that cigarette smoking protects against Parkinson's disease. Specifically, the new research shows a relationship between smoking and reduced risk of Parkinson's disease.

The goals of treatment will be to minimize disability, and reduce the side effects of therapy, because there is no said cure for this disease, the symptoms can certainly be controlled. In recent times surgery is an option for advanced Parkinson’s disease.

Slow movements and breathing exercises included in Yoga are well suited to people who are suffering from the Parkinson's disease.

Methods Of Smoking

* Cigarette

A cigarette is a tobacco product manufactured by cured and finely cut tobacco leaves, which are rolled into a paper-wrapped usually into a shape of a cylinder . The cigarette is ignited at one end and inhale its smoke from the other usually through a filter end, through the mouth.
A cigarette is different from a cigar by its size and the use of type of processed leaf, and paper wrapping; cigars typically would have a whole tobacco leaf.
The term cigarette, commonly used, refers to the one with tobacco in it, but can apply to similar ones containing other herbs.
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of underweight, and deformed Infants. Smoking also increases the chance of heart attacks.
smokers tend to look older than nonsmokers of the same age, because it increases wrinkling of the skin and also the coloration of the skin changes.
Smoking is most often linked to lung cancer by medical institutions throughout the world through conducted studies an observations. It has been a fact that Smoking men are about 20 times more likely to die from lung cancer than non-smoking men, and smoking women are about 12 times more likely to die from lung cancer. Now, it is known that smoking increases the risk of many types of cancer, including that of the lip, and pharynx; voice box, and the lung.
Did u ever knew that Approximately 5 trillion cigarettes are produced globally each year and smoked by over 1 billion people.
Chain smoking is most often used to describe people who smoke relatively constantly, i.e. lighting a fresh cigarette immediately after the previous one is smoked! Did u know that More than 4000 chemical compounds are released by a cigarette smoke!

A bidi, which is also a form of cigarette which is more popular among the poorer countries like India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Bidi's are smaller than regular cigarettes, As they do not have a filter and are wrapped in leaves, one needs to inhale the smoke more deeply. A bidi produces more carbon monoxide and nicotine.


* Cigar

A cigar is a tightly rolled bundle of dried tobacco . The manufacture of a cigar varied from that of a cigarette. The sugar and the water content are removed from the tobacco leaves are removed and its fermented without allowing the leaf to die or rot, and comes in variety of flavors.
The Cuban Cigars are the world famous cigars and they are done by most skilled cigar rollers considering the fact that most of the cigars are still hand rolled even today.
The Cigar's wrapper is also a tobacco leaf, which would be the widest part of the leaf which usually determines the characteristics and the flavor of a cigar. Fillers can either be long or short; long filler uses whole leaves and is of a better quality, while short filler uses chopped leaves. A cigar may come in different shapes and sizes such as a shape of a pyramid, or the shape of a Torpedo, among others. Unlike that of a cigarette, cigar's taste of smoke is very little, and usually very much of tobacco with flavors. The most common flavors used are Vanilla, spice and Cocoa.
Some people assume that cigars pose no health risk, but cigar smokers are statistically more likely to develop Cancer of the mouth, tongue .



* Smoking Pipe
A smoking pipe is a device used for smoking tobacco and other substances. The smoking pipe typically consists of a small bowl for burning of the substance to be smoked and a thin stem that ends in the mouth through which the smoke is inhaled.
Different materials are often used for the manufacture of the 'bowl' and the 'stem'. Tobaccos used for smoking pipes are often carefully blended to achieve the required flavor usually not available in other tobacco products.
Pipe smoke, like cigar smoke, is usually not inhaled. It is merely brought into the mouth and then released. Pipes can range from the very simple machine-made briar pipe to highly-prized handmade and artful.



* Hookah
A hookah is a traditional device for smoking which operates by water-filtration and heat. It can be used for smoking many substances, A hookah may have a Base, that contains water, a head, that has tobacco in it and the heating apparatus (charcoal), a pipe and a hose.

When a smoker inhales, a pressure difference forces air past the charcoal to heat the tobacco, which gives off smoke. The smoke is pulled down from the tobacco, and bubbles up through the water into the air of the smoke chamber. From there, it is drawn through the hose and is inhaled by the smoker. the main purpose of the smoke passing through the water is that it partially filters particulates from the tobacco smoke. The use of charcoal or other heating substances may release dangerous substances that is inhaled by the smoker.

Marijuana

Marijuana or hashish, is also a psychoactive drug, cannabis, is produced from parts of the cannabis plant, either from the cured flowers and/or the outgrowths of various kinds of the plant. It is usually said that the cannabis plant first grew in the Himalayas.

A major chemical compound commonly known as THC, has chemical substances that usually acts upon the Nervous system that alters the brain function when consumed, usually by smoking or ingestion. Cannabis has a history of religious use as well, especially in India, where it has been used by the spiritual sadhus for centuries now. The sale and the use of Marijuana has been restricted or banned in almost all parts of the world. Most prominent users of cannabis were the ancient Hindus. It is also called as ganja in modern Indian language originating from ganjika in Sanskrit. Marijuana will only be absorbed into the bloodstream by blending it with Alcohol or other solvents like ethanol

Cannabis, Medically, is often used as an appetite stimulant and pain reliever for illnesses such as cancer, and other diseases. Also can be used to prevent Alzheimer's disease.

There are several ways the Cannabis can be prepared or manufactured for human consumption, some of it is mentioned below:

* One of which is Marijuana which is already been told about.
* Kief, a powder containing the resin glands, it is produced with the help of marijuana and leaves. * Hashish, a concentrated resin made by heating kief.
* Charas, done by rubbing the resin of the plant.
* Can also be smoked in the form of RESIN.

SMOKING CANNABIS :
The primary constituent of these drugs is the cannabis drug. These particles are picked up by the respiratory system, and then absorbed into the bloodstream where they travel to the brain that results in neuro-chemical effects.

A cannabis joint is done by rolling cannabis, into a cigarette, or into a cigar, which is usually done by removing the tobacco from within a standard cigarette or a cigar. In such preparation, tobacco and the Cannabi are combined into a single cigarette.



A bong is a water-pipe by with the help of which the cannabis smoke is filtered through
water. Smoking from a bong loaded with cold water, will cool the smoke and may reduce
the effects of the heat. However, using hot water, increases moisture in the smoke, which
also can reduce adverse effects.




A Bubbler can also be used to smoke a Cannabi, just as used to smoke cigarettes with the help of a Hookah.

There are many effects of smoking or intake of the Cannabis drug that may depend upon the physical and mental surroundings.

* It has Varying amounts of anxiety in some users,
* Stress reduction in some,
* Varying degrees of euphoria might also set in,
* It is often considered to be beneficial to glaucoma patients,
* increased blood flow and heart beat rate,
* High/very low blood pressure.

A Cigarette Contains...

A Cigarette or cigarette smoke contains :

* Acetic Acid
* Ammonia (A pungent gas found in pesticides and floor cleaners)
* DDT (An insecticide that kills bugs)
* Asafetida
* Arsenic (usually found in Poisons for ants and other small bugs)
* Benzoic Acid
* Phenol (usually found in Toilet cleaners)
* Benzyl Alcohol
* Caffeine
* Calcium Carbonate
* Carbon monoxide (found in exhaust automobiles' fumes)
* Cadmium (found in Car and other Automobiles' batteries)
* Cardamom
* Cinnamic Acid
* Citric Acid
* Ethyl alcohol
* Lactic Acid
* Lauric Acid
* Menthol
* Naphthalene (found in Mothballs and explosives)
* Sodium Acetate
* Sodium Benzoate
* Sodium Chloride
* Sugars
* Tar (deposits in the lungs and cause cancer over a long period of time)
* Urea (Used as a insecticide/pesticide)

Jaundice

Jaundice occurs when

1) there is too much bilirubin being produced for the liver to remove from the blood.
2) a defect in the liver that prevents bilirubin from being removed from the blood,

Jaundice can turn the skin and sclerae yellow. In addition, stool can become light in color,

Jaundice,is a yellowing of the skin, or whites of the eyes and mucous membranes caused by increased levels of a pigment called bilirubin in red blooded animals.

Bilirubin is a natural product arising from the normal breakdown of red blood cells in the body and is excreted in the alkaline fluid called bile, through the actions of the liver

Although jaundice is most often the result of a disorder affecting the liver it can be caused by a variety of other conditions affecting.

There are three different classes of causes for jaundice

- Pre-hepatic or hemolytic causes, where too many red blood cells are broken down,
- hepatic causes where the processing of bilirubin in the liver does not function correctly
- post-hepatic or extrahepatic causes, where the removal of bile is disturbed.

Pre-hepatic (or hemolytic) jaundice is caused by anything which causes an increased rate of breakdown of red blood cells.
Jaundice commonly seen in the newborn baby is another example of hepatic jaundice.
post-hepatic jaundice is caused by an interruption to the drainage of bile in the biliary system, The presence of pale stools and dark urine indicate that it is an post-hepatic cause
Jaundice is not a disease but rather a sign that can occur in many different diseases.
Jaundice is the yellowish staining of the skin and the whites of the eyes that is caused by high levels in blood of the chemical bilirubin.

Jaundice comes from the French word 'jaune', meaning yellow. Jaundice typically appears in a 'top to bottom' progression starting with the face, and then moving towards the feet, and resolves in a 'bottom to top' manner.

Neonatal jaundice is usually harmless, this condition is often seen in infants around the second or the third day after birth, The risk factor that is involved in Neonatal jaundice can be hearing loss.

In extreme cases, jaundice can cause brain damage which is called as 'kernicterus'

Influencing Factors

We now that the tobacco smoke contains nicotine, a substance, that increases the chemical in neurons of the brain, increasing memory and alertness, temporarily. Recent studies have also shown that nicotine promotes feeling of pleasure.
Nicotine, a substance of the tobacco smoke, is one of the most addictive substances. When the tobacco is smoked, most of the nicotine is destroyed by the heat, however, a small levels of it is sufficient to cause strong psychological dependency
Of late, some nations have begun anti-smoking advertisements to educate the effects of tobacco. However it's effectiveness is still widely debated. According to health experts, advertising of tobacco products increases tobacco consumption, but there is a significant find that there is no effect of tobacco advertising on smoking. Children of smoking parents are more likely to smoke than children with non-smoking parents. Famous people of the past and the present use cigarettes or cigars or pipes to enhance their image in the society.
The tobacco smoking scenes in movies has been linked with adolescent smoking initiation. The movies tend to influence a high cross section of both children and adults. There have been recent laws that has been brought in that asks to reduce the depiction of smoking in television shows or in the movies, especially for those shows that are aimed at children. Its also applicable for characters in cartoon shows.

Hangover

Although alcohol is typically thought of purely as a depressant, at low concentrations it can actually stimulate certain areas of the brain. Areas of the brain responsible for planning and learning are dulled. A related effect, caused by even low levels of alcohol, is the tendency for people to become more animated in speech and movement. This is due to increased metabolism in areas of the brain associated with movement,Often, after much alcohol has been consumed, it is possible to experience what is called as vertigo, the sense that the room is spinning. This is associated with abnormal eye movements .Inside the systems that is responsible for the movement of the body, there is a flexible substance called a Cupula, which moves when the body moves. However, when alcohol gets in to the bloodstream it distorts the shape of the Cupula, causing it to press on to the hairs inside ears. The abnormal nerve impulses tell the brain that the body is rotating, making the eyes spin round to compensate. When this wears off gradually the brain would have adjusted to the spinning, this is often a common symptom of the HANGOVER.Extreme overdoses can lead to alcohol poisoning and death due to respiratory depression.An alcohol hangover is associated with a variety of symptoms that may include dehydration, tiredness, headache, vomiting, weakness, anxiety, and trouble sleeping. The symptoms vary from person to person, usually happens several hours after drinking.
Some of the untested remedies for hangover!!!
- soda water, Vomiting, A glass of buttermilk (which will just add some water to your stomach)
- Drinking coffee or any other beverages that contains caffine
- Nicotine
- tomato juice
- Coca Cola or Pepsi-Cola
- Taking a shower
- Drinking a large amount of water
- Orange juice
- Sleep
- Going for a swim

Unknown Facts About Smoking

The effects of tobacco smoking on your body are related to direct tobacco smoking, and also to passive smoking, which is inhalation of secondhand tobacco smoke. A study has shown that that nonsmokers lived about 10-12 more years than the people who are smokers. Also the fact that the smokers are about 20 times more likely to be affected by lung cancer or other chronic diseases or by heart attacks than the nonsmokers. If the pregnant women smoke then the infant mortality rate would also be higher, because of the substances like nicotine and tar in the smoke would reduce the oxygen and blood flow to the unborn baby in its womb, and also the secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy is twice as risky of high infant mortality rate.
The use of tobacco is effective in particular a risk factor for a heart attack, and the diseases related to the respiratory tract, and cancer, particularly lung cancer and cancers of the tongue. A smoker may be relieved for the fact that that the risks of Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease may be significantly lower. A person's risk of getting affected by these diseases is for as long as he continuously smokes, However, if he/she stops smoking, then the chances of being affected by the diseases gradually decreases.
Nicotine is a powerful, addictive substance which is the main factor for the continual tobacco use. Though the amount of nicotine inhaled with tobacco smoke is quite small, a very small amount that is being inhaled in enough to cause the damage. The health risks of smoking are not the same for all smokers but it varies on a number of factors like the number of cigarettes smoked. Smokers, who smoke more number of cigarettes are at a greater risk, although light smoking is still a health hazard.
Passive smoking occurs when the smoke that has been inhaled and exhaled by the smoker, also known as second hand smoke is inhaled by other people. Passive smoking involves inhaling chemical substances, as well as other toxic components, that are present in secondhand tobacco smoke. It is known that, in adults, secondhand smoke causes lung cancer, nasal sinus, heart disease, and asthma. Passive smoking is also known to harm children through acute respiratory disorders.
Smoking increases the risk of erectile dysfunction by 50 percent, and obesity nearly doubles the risk. Men who are both overweight and physically inactive had a risk of nearly two times that of men who were active and of normal weight.
Smoking and obesity also increase the risk for heart disease, but they lead to erectile dysfunction at an earlier age.
Researchers have found that smokers may be at higher risk for becoming infected with the virus that causes AIDS. The study, though, is not clear why smokers would be more likely to become infected with the virus, HIV., than nonsmokers. But smoking increases the risk of all types of infections, either by changing the structure of the lung or weakening the immune system.

Advantages if U quit :
-Blood Pressure and Pulse return to normal
-Temperature of hands and feet returns to normal
-Carbon Monoxide levels are already back to normal
-Your chance of Heart Attack has already decreased significantly
-Circulation improves
-Lung function can increase up to 30%
-Your risk of heart disease is one-half of what it was one year ago.

Some unknown facts about Smoking:
-Every cigarette takes about 11 minutes off you life.
-Smokers in their 40's have as many facial wrinkles as non smokers in their 60's
-In India one person is diagnosed with lung cancer, which is mostly associated with smoking every 15 minutes.
-114,000people die every year of smoking, which comes to around 315 every day.
-Smoking gives u yellow teeth, bad breath and hollow cheeks from repeated sucking of the cigarette smoke.
-Female smokers will have around 30% low fertility rate than nonsmokers.
-50% of the male smokers are more likely to be impotent.
-Around 450 children/teenagers start smoking everyday.
-Men, who smoke around their pregnant partner can harm the unborn child.
-Women who smoke and take contraceptive pill are more likely to get a heart attack.
-Cervical cancer rates are four times higher in smokers than non-smokers.
-Smoking may result in brittle hairs, stomach ulcers, and problems with constipation.

Did U Know!!!
-Dangerous levels of nicotine is contained in one half of a cigar or three Cigarettes!
-The Spanish word "tobacco" is thought to have its origin in the Caribbean!
-China, Brazil and India are top three producers of Tobacco!
-The manufacturing process of tobacco continues for a period of several months!
-Gutka is a tobacco product manufactured and used mainly here in India!
-Tobacco water is used as an insecticide!
-Lung disease, lung cancer, are rare diseases in the absence of smoking.
-Heart disease, diseases of the heart arteries.
-Smoking kills more people through its increase in heart attacks than it does with cancer!
-30% of deaths due to heart attacks are due to smoking.
-The risk of a heart attack is increased six times in women and three times in men
-Cancers of bladder, stomach, pancreas, esophagus, larynx, mouth, cervix.
-Increase the heart rate and the blood pressure
-Increases fibrinogen, a protein involved in the formation of clots

Coma

Often, alcohol is a contributing factor to injuries leading to an anatomic cause for comaCOMA : meaning deep sleep, state of unconsciousnessThere are several levels in COMA :
In the first level, the brain responsiveness lessens, normal reflexes are lost, the patient no longer responds to pain and cannot hear.A patient in a coma need not always lay still and quiet. They may talk, walk, and perform other functions that may sometimes appear to be conscious acts but are not, Comas generally last a few days to a few weeks, rarely more than 2 to 5 weeks. After this time, some patients gradually come out of the coma.People may emerge from a coma with a combination of physical, intellectual and psychological difficulties that need special attention
Coma can be caused by an underlying illness or by a head injury.Many people recover their full physical and mental functioning when they emerge from a coma. Some patients never recover anything but very basic body functions.Usually, coma is considered as an neurological emergency, and actions need to be taken quickly to avoid permanent damage.There are many metabolic causes of coma, including:A decrease in the delivery of oxygen, glucose, and sodium to the brain which are necessary for appropriate brain functioning. Drugs or alcohol in toxic quantities can result in neuronal dysfunction, Accumulated substances that might cause coma include ammonia due to liver disease, ketones due to uncontrolled diabetes, or carbon dioxide due to a severe asthma attack.The changes in chemical levels in the brain due to the electrical derangements caused by seizures.Coma is associated with loss of function in the arousal center in the brain stem which is responsible both for eye opening and for activating the cerebral cortex, which has to be functioning for a person to be aware of self and surroundings. Often coma is a resultant because of major structural discrepancies in various parts of the brain, like a severe head injury, brain hemorrhage, infection, tumor. If someone is in a coma, he is unconscious and will not respond to voices, other sounds, or any sort of activity going on around him. He is still alive, but his brain is functioning at its lowest stage of alertnessComas can be caused by different things, including: - a severe injury to the head that hurts the brain - Seizures - Infections involving the brain - Brain damage caused by a lack of oxygen for too long - An overdose of medicine or other drugs - A stroke People who wake and sleep but have no meaningful interaction with the world around them are said to be in PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE. A person in a persistent vegetative state has damage to the cerebral hemispheres - the areas of the brain that govern sophisticated functions like consciousness, self-awareness and personality. There are many metabolic causes of coma, as already said, including decrease in quantities of substances like oxygen, sugar, and sodium. The changes in chemical levels in the brain due to the electrical derangements caused by seizures.COMA is different from brain death. When brain death occurs, there is no sign of any brain functioning. This condition is not reversible.

Cocaine, Morphine, Heroin, Opium

Cocaine is a special kind of an alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of what is called as a coca plant. It affects the nervous system , just as in the case of Marijuana and creates a sense of happiness and increased energy. It has to be noted that, cocaine is also a used as a anesthetic to the eye, and nose surgery. Cocaine can be psychologically addictive. Possession, distribution of cocaine is illegal in almost all parts of the world.
the coca leaf contains vital nutrients as well as numerous alkaloids. Cocaine in its purest form is a white powdered substance, but usually is adulterated with many other substances.
The coca leaf is not actual cocaine, and is not a drug of any kind.
Coca leaves are usually mixed with lime, which is an alkaline, and held between the cheek and the tongue and its juices are sucked in. Cocaine, only when mixed with a highly alkaline substance it can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Cocaine, usually takes about 30 to 40 min to be absorbed by the blood stream.
Another way of cocaine intake is through Injection of the drug. Upon injection, cocaine reaches the brain in a matter of seconds. Some users often vomit later. This way of intake of cocaine is the fastest way of reaching its peak effects in the body.
Cocaine can also be taken in by inhaling it through the nose, or the nasal membranes, which produces maximum physiological effects. Before sniffing of this sort through the nasal membranes, the cocaine powder must be separated to a fine powdered particles, and it would usually be separated into separate thin lines with the help of any blade or scale and a rolled up paper or straws that has been cut to the size required are usually used to inhale the cocaine powder through the nose. The burning sensation inside the nose would usually be reported and the reason would be that the blood flow and oxygen supply would be stopped to these parts.
Powder cocaine is sometimes smoked, but it is inefficient as the heat involved destroys much of the chemical.
The main and dangerous effect of the cocaine intake in any form is to the Liver. An Overdose causes an increase in the blood pressure which can be life-threatening, effects from smoking of cocaine include chest pain, lung disease, catching for breath.

Heroin :
It has a high addiction potential, and if frequent repeated causes a fast development of tolerance to it when compared to other substances. This is also termed as BROWN SUGAR. Manufacture, Selling or possessing of Heroin is a crime. the Heroin is converted to morphine in the liver, Heroin can be taken in a number of ways, including sniffing it and injecting it. It may also be smoked.
An Overdose, may possibly cause the death of the user.
For users of heroin through injections, the non-sterile needles and syringes can infect the user with HIV and/or hepatitis.

Morphine :
It is a drug that usually acts on the central nervous system and relieves pain if any, the side effects may include drowsiness, lethargy, blurred vision, and impairment of mental performance.
Morphine is used legally:
-As a analgesic in hospital settings for
-Pain after surgery
-Pain associated with trauma
-For the relief of severe chronic pain like
-Cancer pain
-To relieve breathlessness in patients in respiratory failure

Opium :
Opium has powerful narcotic properties. Its constituents and derivatives are used as painkillers. The leading legal producer of opium is India, which is also the only place on earth where opium is still legally harvested. and has long been used as a painkiller and sedative

Soma :
Another drug which is originated from the Cannabis plants were called SOMA, which is more of a religious and a ritual drink among ancient Indians, consuming which will induce energize and intoxicate your body. It is usually prepared by getting the juice from the stalks of a certain cannabi mountain plant. Drinking SOMA was considered to becoming Immortal! There is a mention of this drink even in the Rig Veda.

Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages

A BEVERAGE is any drink. Water is a natural beverage. All beverages contain a large percentage of water, This does not add many nutrients to the diet, but it does play an important role in maintaining body balance by preventing dehydration. Examples of Beverages can be classified as
1. Alcoholic Beverages
2. Non-Alcoholic Beverages
3. Hot Beverages
4. Cold Beverages
5. Fruit Beverages

Non-alcoholic BEVERAGES
Beverages are not usually consumed for their food value, but many, particularly the fruit drinks, contain quite a high percentage of sugar and therefore add to the energy content of the diet. Additionally fruit juices provide a supply of vitamins and minerals. Certain drinks contain artificial flavorings and colorings. A wide range of drinks can be manufactured which contain either pulped fruit or juice. Many are drunk as a pure fruit juice without the addition of other ingredients, whereas others are diluted with sugar syrup.

Alcoholic BEVERAGES
An alcoholic beverage is a drink containing ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, although there are other types of alcohol, ethanol is a good solvent for many fatty substances, and thus several colouring, flavoring can be added to alcoholic beverages, In many countries, alcoholic beverages are commonly consumed at daily meals ,In colder climates, strong alcoholic beverages such as vodka are popularly consumed to "warm up" the body, The most common examples of alcoholic beverages are wines and beers. Beer is usually made from a cereal, whereas wine can be produced from either cereals or fruit. Both can be distilled to produce spirits with some percentage of alcohol content.One of the most popular types of distilled alcoholic beverages is whiskey. Whiskeys and most other distilled beverages range in their alcoholic content from 40 to 50 percentSome of the examples of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES are BEER, WINE, WHISKEY, VODKA, Though alcohol kills bacteria, its low concentration in beer or wine will have only a limited effect. Probably the boiling of water, which is required for the brewing of beer, and the growth of yeast, which would probably kill most of the micro-organisms, In any case, the ethanol of alcoholic beverages allows them to be stored for months or years without spoiling,In colder climates, strong alcoholic beverages such as vodka are popularly seen as a way to "warm up" the body, possibly because ethanol is a quickly absorbed source of food energy This however is quite dangerous because although it makes you feel warmer, the body loses heat and body temperature decreases, which may cause an effect called hypothermia, and people experiencing hypothermia should avoid alcohol.In many cultures, alcoholic beverages have played an important role in various kinds of social interaction, While other psychoactive drugs such as coca, cannabis, and tobacco also a part of socializing. only coffee, tea, and tobacco are currently as universally used and accepted as ethanol.A distilled beverage is a liquid preparation meant for consumption containing ethanol purified by distilling it from a substance such as fruit, vegetables, or grain.Examples can be again Wine, Beer, Corn beer, Wheat beer, Plum wine.

COCKTAILS
A cocktail is a mixed drink. A cocktail usually contains one or more types of liquor and flavorings, usually one or more of a liquor, fruit, sauce, honey, milk or cream, spices, etc. Until the 1970s or 1980's, cocktails were made predominantly with gin, whiskey or rum, and less commonly vodka, after on the popularity of vodka increased dramatically. By the 1980s it was the predominant base for mixed drinks. Many cocktails traditionally made with gin, such as the martini, may now also be served with vodka.Carbonated beverages that are used nearly exclusively in cocktails include soda water and the tonic water. Liquors are also one of the common cocktail ingredients.

VODKA
Vodka is typically a colorless liquid meant for consumption and it contains ethanol purified by distillation from a fermented substance such as fruit, vegetables, or grain. The word is said to share a root with the word for "water" in various Slavic languages.Except for various types of flavorings, vodka consists of water and alcohol. It usually has an alcohol content ranging from 35% to 50% by volumeVodka may be distilled from any starch or sugar rich matter; most vodka today is produced from grains such as wheat, corn, or rye. Among grain vodkas, rye and wheat vodkas are generally considered superior. Some vodka is made from molasses and grapes.Apart from the alcoholic content, vodkas may be classified into two main groups: clear vodkas and flavored vodkas.

TEQUILA
Tequila is a spirit made primarily in the area surrounding a town in Mexico called Tequila, Tequila is extracted or manufactured from a plant. Most common tequilas are 35% to 55% alcohol. The aging process changes the color of tequila, A single shot of tequila is often served with salt and a slice of lemon or lime. This is usually called as "tequila cruda" . The drinker moistens the back of their hand below the index finger by licking and applies salt, then the salt is licked and tequila is drunk and the lime/ lemon slice is quickly bit.

Examples of Coffee-based beverages (Hot/Cold):
-Cappuccino
-Coffee
-Espresso

Examples of Tea-based beverages (Hot/Cold):
-Flavored teas (chai)
-Green tea
-Iced tea

A to Z Of Alcohol

Let's get to Basics!!!
Esp. for all the dedicated drinkers :

- A ARISTOCRAT

- B BAGPIPER

- C CONTESSA

- D DIRECTOR SPECIAL

- E EIGHT PM

- F FUN DROP

- G GOD FATHER

- H HAYWARD'S

- I IMPERIAL BLUE

- J JOHNNIE WALKER

- K KING FISHER

- L LIME DROP

- M MUGHAL MONARCH

- N NO.1

- O OLD MONK

- P PETER SCOTT

- Q QUARTZ REEF

- R ROYAL STAG

- S SEA GRAM

- T TEACHERS

- U UB STRONG

- V VAT 69

- W WILLIAM GRANTS

- X XXX

- Z ZINGARO

ALCOHOL

The word Alcohol is of Arabic Origin. In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which a hydroxyl group attached to a saturated carbon atom. In general alcohol refers to ethanol, a strongly-smelling, colorless, liquid formed by the fermentation of sugars. Any other beverages that contain ethanol is also referred to as Alcohol. Ethanol is also sometimes referred to as Grain Alcohol. There are three major subsets of alcohols, viz 'primary', 'secondary' and 'tertiary'.
The most commonly used alcohols are methanol and ethanol. Methanol spirits, also called "surgical spirits," is a form of ethanol that is rendered undrinkable by the addition of methanol. Apart from its primary use in alcohols and its beverages, ethanol is also used as a highly controlled industrial solvent. Ethanol is often used as an antiseptic, to disinfect the skin before injections are given. ethanol is often used as a solvent in medical drugs, perfumes, and vegetable essences.
Alcohol, specifically ethanol, is a psychoactive drug with a range of side effects, that often depends on the type and the amount of consumption. When alcohol is consumed after a heavy meal, the signs of intoxication would be of lower levels than consumption on an empty stomach. Consumption of alcohol in small quantity produces feelings of relaxation and cheerfulness, but further consumption can lead to blurred vision and and giddiness. This is because of the fact that once alcohol is in the bloodstream it can diffuse into nearly every tissue of the body.
At higher concentrations, alcohol causes intoxication, coma and death. Any alcohol consumption during pregnancy carries a heavy risk of permanent mental and physical defects in the child. Nearly 50 to 60% of cancers of the mouth, and larynx are associated with heavy drinking. Prolonged, heavy drinking has been associated with liver cancer. The liver breaks down alcohols into acetic acid which is one of the many other substances that the alcohol is broken into, and then these acetates are converted into fats and water. These fatty acids build up around liver cells and those cells begin to die, which leads to the liver diseases. The liver is part of the body's filtration system and if it is damaged then certain toxins build up, thus leading to symptoms of Jaundice and most often cancer.
A common after-effect of Alcohol intake is the sensation known as hangover, which is partly due to the dehydrating effect of ethanol. Hangover symptoms include dry mouth, headache, and giddiness. These symptoms are partly due to the toxic substances produced from alcohol, and also partly due to dehydration. Dehydration causes the brain to shrink away from the skull slightly. The dehydration portion of the hangover effect can be minimized by drinking plenty of water after alcoholic drinks.
It is found that Moderate drinkers have better circulatory system and live longer than those who are heavy drinkers, and can also lower the chances of heart diseases.
The consumption of ethanol is illegal in some countries, mainly in the Islamic countries.

SMOKING

injurious-smoking

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Cigarette, a pinch of tobacco rolled in paper with fire at one end and a fool at the other

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smoking, is the burning of dried leaves of a tobacco plant, and inhaling the smoke. This practice was common to many Native American and African cultures. Tobacco smoke contains nicotine and scores of other chemical substances. The cigarette is the most common method of smoking tobacco.

One of the substances called nicotine is said to improve alertness and also memory, temporarily., but also forms a strong psychological addiction. Smoking is a major contributing factor towards many health problems, particularly, Lung cancer, and other Cardio Diseases, which are very rare in absence of this addiction!